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gmail.com

gmail.com is SSL secured

Free website and domain report on gmail.com

Last Updated: 24th April, 2024
Overview

Snoop Summary for gmail.com

This is a free and comprehensive report about gmail.com. Gmail.com is hosted in United States on a server with an IP address of 172.253.62.18, where the local currency is USD and English is the local language. Our records indicate that gmail.com is owned/operated by Google LLC. Gmail.com is expected to earn an estimated $8,361 USD per day from advertising revenue. The sale of gmail.com would possibly be worth $6,103,203 USD. This figure is based on the daily revenue potential of the website over a 24 month period. Gmail.com is insanely popular with an estimated 897,933 daily unique visitors. This report was last updated 24th April, 2024.

About gmail.com

Site Preview: gmail.com gmail.com
Title: Gmail
Description: Gmail is email that’s intuitive, efficient, and useful. 15 GB of storage, less spam, and mobile access.
Keywords and Tags: correo electronico, correo electrónico, correo gmail, email, gmai, gmail, gmail com, gmail com loign, gmail email, gmail login, gmail login mail, gmail mail, gmail sign in, google mail, mail, popular, web mail, www gmail com
Related Terms: boomerang for gmail, gmail customer service number, gmail mail creer compte, gmail read receipt, gmail schedule email, gmail search by date, gmail sign up, gmail support number, gmail tech support, uh gmail
Fav Icon:
Age: Over 28 years old
Domain Created: 13th August, 1995
Domain Updated: 11th July, 2023
Domain Expires: 12th August, 2024
Review

Snoop Score

4/5 (Excellent!)

Valuation

$6,103,203 USD
Note: All valuation figures are estimates.

Popularity

Very High
Note: Popularity is estimated.

Rank, Reach and Authority

Alexa Rank: 2,522
Alexa Reach:
SEMrush Rank (US): 1,464
SEMrush Authority Score: 83
Moz Domain Authority: 0
Moz Page Authority: 0

Organic vs Paid (Google Ads)

Organic Paid
Keywords: 5,785 0
Traffic: 2,368,620 0
Cost: $393,701,167 USD $0 USD
Traffic

Visitors

Daily Visitors: 897,933
Monthly Visitors: 27,330,253
Yearly Visitors: 327,745,558
Note: All visitors figures are estimates.

Visitors By Country

Revenue

Revenue

Daily Revenue: $8,361 USD
Monthly Revenue: $254,468 USD
Yearly Revenue: $3,051,596 USD
Note: All revenue figures are estimates.

Revenue By Country

SEO

Backlinks Analysis (SEMrush)

Backlinks: 59,784,410
Referring Domains: 351,107
Referring IPs: 222,271
Gmail.com has 59,784,410 backlinks according to SEMrush. 47% of these backlinks are "dofollow" (follow) links which allow the flow of link equity to pass through, which may improve gmail.com's search engine rankings. Other links are treated as 'hints' by search engines and may also pass link equity, depending on what search engines decide in each case.
100% of gmail.com's backlinks are text and image links, which are ideal for SEO. Other backlink types may be unrecognized or ignored by search engines.

Top New Follow Links

1
Source: http://cnpq.br/
Target: http://gmail.com/
2
Source: http://cnpq.br/
Target: http://gmail.com/
3
Source: http://cnpq.br/
Target: http://gmail.com/
4
Source: https://cccbu.net/
Target: http://www.gmail.com/
5
Source: https://www.corvetteblogger.com/
Target: http://gmail.com/

Top Ranking Keywords (US)

1
Keyword: gmail com
Ranked Page: https://www.gmail.com/
2
Keyword: gmail
Ranked Page: https://www.gmail.com/mail/help/intl/en/about.html?utm_expid=...
3
Keyword: www gmail com
Ranked Page: https://www.gmail.com/
4
Keyword: email
Ranked Page: https://www.gmail.com/mail/help/intl/en/about.html?utm_expid=...
5
Keyword: mail
Ranked Page: https://www.gmail.com/mail/help/intl/en/about.html?utm_expid=...

Domain Analysis

Value Length
Domain: gmail.com 9
Domain Name: gmail 5
Extension (TLD): com 3
Expiry Check:

Page Speed Analysis

Average Load Time: 1.19 seconds
Load Time Comparison: Faster than 64% of sites

PageSpeed Insights

Avg. (All Categories) 77
Performance 89
Accessibility 98
Best Practices 83
SEO 91
PWA 22
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier
Updated: 3rd February, 2023

1.14 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
87%
6%
7%

0.01 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
95%
3%
2%

Simulate loading on desktop
89

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for gmail.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Time to Interactive — 1.9 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Total Blocking Time — 90 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Cumulative Layout Shift — 0
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Audits

Max Potential First Input Delay — 110 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
Network Requests
Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
URL Protocol Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes) Resource Size (Bytes) Status Code MIME Type Resource Type
http://gmail.com/
http/1.1
0
5.1219999950263
412
0
301
text/html
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http/1.1
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text/html
https://mail.google.com/mail/
http/1.1
12.21099999384
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552
0
302
text/html
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/
http/1.1
36.59499999776
82.691999996314
916
0
302
text/html
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http/1.1
83.053999995172
122.0239999966
1575
0
302
text/html
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h2
122.45999999868
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90068
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text/html
Document
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h2
233.72899999958
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Script
data
288.55800000019
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image/svg+xml
Image
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
h2
295.58099999849
298.73599999701
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Font
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h2
295.76199999428
299.11100000027
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200
font/woff2
Font
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h2
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Font
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h2
340.05099999922
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15523
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Font
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h2
402.34099999361
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h2
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419.60999999719
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Script
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h2
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h2
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https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,RqjULd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=bm51tf
h2
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https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,RqjULd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=w9hDv,VwDzFe,A7fCU
h2
544.3959999975
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https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,A7fCU,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,RqjULd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,VwDzFe,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,w9hDv,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=sOXFj,q0xTif,ZZ4WUe
h2
547.47499999939
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text/javascript
Script
https://play.google.com/log?format=json&hasfast=true
h2
580.18699999957
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text/plain
XHR
https://accounts.youtube.com/accounts/CheckConnection?pmpo=https%3A%2F%2Faccounts.google.com&v=1258112974&timestamp=1675455742868
h2
652.40099999937
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Document
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/_/AccountsSignInUi/data/batchexecute?rpcids=UEkKwb&source-path=%2Fv3%2Fsignin%2Fidentifier&f.sid=7912703394892665217&bl=boq_identityfrontendauthuiserver_20230129.08_p0&hl=en-US&_reqid=44543&rt=c
h2
678.05599999701
714.77500000037
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application/json
XHR
https://accounts.google.com/_/bscframe
h2
686.51799999498
702.26799999364
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text/html
Document
https://play.google.com/log?format=json&hasfast=true
h2
702.96099999541
715.04799999821
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text/plain
XHR
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,A7fCU,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,RqjULd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,VwDzFe,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZZ4WUe,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,q0xTif,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,sOXFj,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,w9hDv,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=wg1P6b
h2
749.17099999584
752.84099999408
3596
7465
200
text/javascript
Script
https://accounts.google.com/generate_204?yy6Nng
h2
930.42599999899
938.49799999589
152
0
204
text/plain
Image
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
217.505
21.924
239.74
37.922
277.672
38.73
323.225
11.17
339.294
5.795
348.708
43.035
393.514
20.287
461.229
104.749
567.039
19.931
586.983
45.582
644.258
39.345
684.776
6.908
693.98
6.449
703.631
6.807
710.627
15.205
726.117
5.921
732.186
7.631
739.85
12.187
761.846
171.105
936.895
7.953
1109.962
11.363
1810.044
7.745
1909.945
9.169
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Other

Eliminate render-blocking resources
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Gmail.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Gmail.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Gmail.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Gmail.com should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Gmail.com should consider minifying JS files.
Reduce unused CSS — Potential savings of 61 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Gmail.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
/_/mss/boq-identity/_/ss/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/ed=1/rs=AOaEmlEFO-iDBX_wRsBCFvp8FWqKpahHaQ/m=identifierview,_b,_tp,_r
67598
62968
Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 121 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
202370
124393
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 90 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-32961296%3A1675455742326124&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHeKCJursGWcAeNkXpj1k2jr-IWG-12d_Svp05ZEi_-EGmA18WsQPwQBs-GVMVgtOTnEOWtVbQ
90.506
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Gmail.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 478 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
202370
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-32961296%3A1675455742326124&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHeKCJursGWcAeNkXpj1k2jr-IWG-12d_Svp05ZEi_-EGmA18WsQPwQBs-GVMVgtOTnEOWtVbQ
90068
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFMaRYFZ0CBRbB18I_brIQB1YTXaQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
69101
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ltDFwf,Rusgnf,Ctsu,UPKV3d,wGM7Jc,IZ1fbc,i5dxUd,m9oV,QCqtlc,NTMZac,bTi8wc,i5H9N,SzsEAf,RAnnUd,PHUIyb,bPkrc,uu7UOe,yRXbo,soHxf,qNG0Fc,ywOR5c,W2YXuc
32540
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UabrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlLU94YtzCwZsPF4o.woff2
15523
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
15388
https://accounts.youtube.com/accounts/CheckConnection?pmpo=https%3A%2F%2Faccounts.google.com&v=1258112974&timestamp=1675455742868
13087
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4AMP6lQ.woff2
11599
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxKKTU1Kg.woff2
11559
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=RqjULd
5086
Uses efficient cache policy on static assets — 0 resources found
Gmail.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 511 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
511
Maximum DOM Depth
div.VfPpkd-dgl2Hf-ppHlrf-sM5MNb > button.VfPpkd-LgbsSe > svg.stUf5b > path
23
Maximum Child Elements
AfrikaansazərbaycanbosanskicatalàČeštinaCymraegDanskDeutscheestiEnglish (United…
84
Avoid chaining critical requests — 4 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Gmail.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 9 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
fcbyXe
Measure
393.825
19.675
kDcP9b
Measure
404.375
8.325
fcbyXe
Measure
758.114
0.886
prt
Mark
323.761
aft
Mark
324.788
prt
Mark
349.665
triggerRender_0
Mark
393.835
O7jPNb
Mark
404.401
triggerRender_1
Mark
758.129
JavaScript execution time — 0.4 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFMaRYFZ0CBRbB18I_brIQB1YTXaQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
325.531
294.074
4.106
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-32961296%3A1675455742326124&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHeKCJursGWcAeNkXpj1k2jr-IWG-12d_Svp05ZEi_-EGmA18WsQPwQBs-GVMVgtOTnEOWtVbQ
156.519
13.123
6.949
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
108.463
93.261
11.961
Minimizes main-thread work — 0.8 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
516.832
Other
109.895
Style & Layout
47.324
Parse HTML & CSS
42.383
Script Parsing & Compilation
32.445
Rendering
14.166
Garbage Collection
13.216
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 26 requests • 478 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
26
489798
Script
10
324547
Document
3
104256
Font
4
54069
Other
8
6774
Image
1
152
Stylesheet
0
0
Media
0
0
Third-party
16
392115
Minimize third-party usage — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 120 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
SHOW DETAILS
324547
117.878
SHOW DETAILS
54069
0
SHOW DETAILS
13087
0
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
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Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint.
Avoid large layout shifts
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 2 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFGWfDsLnU6Cof1olxw0OWiLoig9g/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
1754
105
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=OI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFMaRYFZ0CBRbB18I_brIQB1YTXaQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
1534
86
Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.
Avoids `unload` event listeners
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 1.4 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Speed Index — 1.4 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.
Largest Contentful Paint — 1.5 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.

Audits

First Meaningful Paint — 1.4 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Other

Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 950 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Gmail.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://gmail.com/
190
https://www.google.com/gmail/
230
https://mail.google.com/mail/
230
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/
70
https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?service=mail&passive=1209600&osid=1&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&followup=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&emr=1
230
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-32961296%3A1675455742326124&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHeKCJursGWcAeNkXpj1k2jr-IWG-12d_Svp05ZEi_-EGmA18WsQPwQBs-GVMVgtOTnEOWtVbQ
0
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
3.1549999985145
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxKKTU1Kg.woff2
3.3490000059828
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4AMP6lQ.woff2
3.2819999978528
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UabrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlLU94YtzCwZsPF4o.woff2
4.1930000006687
98

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of gmail.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
Links have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have alternate text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Contrast

Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Gmail.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

Names and labels

`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements do not have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Failing Elements
body.nyoS7c > iframe

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
83

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that gmail.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
Boq
Wiz
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
No browser errors logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://gmail.com/
Allowed

Audits

Issues were logged in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.
Issue type
Cookie
91

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for gmail.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Tap targets are sized appropriately
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
22

PWA

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of gmail.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.

Installable

Web app manifest or service worker do not meet the installability requirements — 1 reason
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
Failure reason
No manifest was fetched

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Avg. (All Categories) 69
Performance 40
Accessibility 98
Best Practices 83
SEO 92
PWA 30
0–49 (Fail) 50–89 (Average) 90–100 (Pass)
URL: https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier
Updated: 3rd February, 2023

1.34 seconds
First Contentful Paint (FCP)
85%
9%
6%

0.07 seconds
First Input Delay (FID)
79%
15%
6%

Simulate loading on mobile
40

Performance

Indicates how well the page is performing and highlights opportunities where performance may be improved for gmail.com. This includes details about optimizing page load times which can result in a better user experience.

Metrics

Cumulative Layout Shift — 0.011
Cumulative Layout Shift is the measurement of visible elements collective movement within the viewport.
View Data

Other

Eliminate render-blocking resources
Resources, such as JavaScript and style sheets, can block the first paint of the page. Gmail.com should consider delivering critical JavaScript/style sheets (JS/CSS) inline and deferring all non-critical JS/CSS.
Properly size images
Images can slow down the page's load time. Gmail.com should consider serving more appropriate-sized images.
Defer offscreen images
Time to Interactive can be slowed down by resources on the page. Gmail.com should consider lazy-loading offscreen and hidden images.
Minify CSS
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) files can contribute to network payload sizes. Gmail.com should consider minifying CSS files.
Minify JavaScript
JavaScript (JS) files can contribute to network payload sizes and increase script parse times. Gmail.com should consider minifying JS files.
Reduce unused CSS — Potential savings of 62 KiB
Dead and/or unused rules in Style Sheets (CSS) can contribute to network payload sizes. Gmail.com should consider removing dead rules from style sheets and deferring the loading of CSS not used for above-the-fold content.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
/_/mss/boq-identity/_/ss/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/ed=1/rs=AOaEmlEQJaXs4NXDOPtDIL-zRnXw2PIflQ/m=identifierview,_b,_tp,_r
67598
63184
Efficiently encode images
Unoptimized images can consume more cellular data than what is necessary.
Serve images in next-gen formats
Consider JPEG 2000, JPEG XR or WebP image formats which provide better compression than PNG and JPEG.
Enable text compression
Text-based resources should be served with compression, such as gzip, deflate or brotli.
Preconnect to required origins
Resource hints, such as 'preconnect' or 'dns-prefetch', may assist in establishing early connections to important third-party origins.
Initial server response time was short — Root document took 80 ms
It is advised to keep the server response time short for the main document, because all other requests depend on it.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
84.772
Preload key requests
Key requests can be preloaded by using '<link rel=preload>'. Gmail.com should consider using '<link rel=preload>' to prioritize fetching resources that are currently requested later in page load.
Use video formats for animated content
Large GIFs are inefficient for delivering animated content. It is recommended to use MPEG4/WebM videos for animations and PNG/WebP for static images instead of GIF.
Remove duplicate modules in JavaScript bundles
Ensure that no duplicate JavaScript modules from bundles exist to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
Avoid serving legacy JavaScript to modern browsers
Polyfills and transforms enable legacy browsers to use new JavaScript features. For bundled JavaScript it is recommended to adopt a modern script deployment strategy using module/nomodule feature detection. This will reduce the amount of code shipped to modern browsers.
Preload Largest Contentful Paint image
It is recommended to preload images used by LCP elements, to improve LCP time.
Avoids enormous network payloads — Total size was 474 KiB
Large network payloads can cost users money and are linked to long load times.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
202362
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
90544
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
69102
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ltDFwf,Rusgnf,Ctsu,UPKV3d,wGM7Jc,IZ1fbc,i5dxUd,m9oV,QCqtlc,NTMZac,bTi8wc,i5H9N,SzsEAf,RAnnUd,PHUIyb,bPkrc,uu7UOe,yRXbo,soHxf,qNG0Fc,ywOR5c,W2YXuc
32540
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UabrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlLU94YtzCwZsPF4o.woff2
15524
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
15387
https://accounts.youtube.com/accounts/CheckConnection?pmpo=https%3A%2F%2Faccounts.google.com&v=1171806561&timestamp=1675455761203
12835
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4AMP6lQ.woff2
11599
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxKKTU1Kg.woff2
11558
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=Wt6vjf,hhhU8,FCpbqb,WhJNk
3681
Uses efficient cache policy on static assets — 0 resources found
Gmail.com can speed up repeat visits by increasing the cache lifetime, which is essentially how long before a cached copy expires.
Avoids an excessive DOM size — 511 elements
A large DOM (Document Object Model) will increase memory usage, cause longer system calculations as well as costly layout reflows.
Statistic Element Value
Total DOM Elements
511
Maximum DOM Depth
div.VfPpkd-dgl2Hf-ppHlrf-sM5MNb > button.VfPpkd-LgbsSe > svg.stUf5b > path
23
Maximum Child Elements
AfrikaansazərbaycanbosanskicatalàČeštinaCymraegDanskDeutscheestiEnglish (United…
84
Avoid chaining critical requests — 4 chains found
Below is a list of Critical Request Chains, which shows which resources are loaded with a high priority. Gmail.com should consider reducing the length of chains, reducing the download size of resources, or deferring the download of unnecessary resources to improve page load.
User Timing marks and measures — 9 user timings
Make use of the User Timing API to measure an app's real-world performance during key user experiences.
Name Type Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
fcbyXe
Measure
450.219
17.58
kDcP9b
Measure
459.354
7.646
fcbyXe
Measure
811.631
1.369
prt
Mark
388.314
aft
Mark
389.167
prt
Mark
414.048
triggerRender_0
Mark
450.235
O7jPNb
Mark
459.38
triggerRender_1
Mark
811.656
Keep request counts low and transfer sizes small — 24 requests • 474 KiB
It is advised to add a budgets.json file in order to set budgets for the quantity and size of page resources.
Resource Type Requests Transfer Size (Bytes)
Total
24
484921
Script
9
319454
Document
3
104480
Font
4
54068
Other
8
6919
Stylesheet
0
0
Image
0
0
Media
0
0
Third-party
15
386754
Lazy load third-party resources with facades
Consider replacing third-party embeds with a facade until they are required (use lazy loading).
Largest Contentful Paint element — 1 element found
The element which was identified as the Largest Contentful Paint.
Element
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Largest Contentful Paint image was not lazily loaded
Above-the-fold images that are lazily loaded render later in the page lifecycle, which can delay the largest contentful paint.
Avoid large layout shifts — 1 element found
Below is a list of all DOM elements that contribute to the CLS of the page.
Element CLS Contribution
English (United States) Help Privacy Terms
0.01125
Uses passive listeners to improve scrolling performance
Improve the page's scroll performance by marking touch and wheel event listeners as 'passive'.
Avoids `document.write()`
Avoid or limit the use of external scripts that are dynamically injected via 'document.write()' as users on slow connections will be delayed by tens of seconds.
Avoid long main-thread tasks — 13 long tasks found
Below is a list of the longest tasks on the main thread, which is useful when identifying the worst input delay contributors.
URL Start Time (Ms) Duration (Ms)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
5626
410
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
7073
390
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ltDFwf,Rusgnf,Ctsu,UPKV3d,wGM7Jc,IZ1fbc,i5dxUd,m9oV,QCqtlc,NTMZac,bTi8wc,i5H9N,SzsEAf,RAnnUd,PHUIyb,bPkrc,uu7UOe,yRXbo,soHxf,qNG0Fc,ywOR5c,W2YXuc
7673
255
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
5381
119
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
6082
97
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
3851
86
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
5500
73
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
3780
71
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4040
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7928
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3937
61
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8174
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Avoid non-composited animations
It is recommended to avoid non-composited animations which are often janky and increase CLS.
Image elements have explicit `width` and `height`
Reduce layout shifts and improve CLS by setting explicit width and height properties on image elements.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.
Avoids `unload` event listeners
The 'unload' event does not fire reliably, causing issues with browser optimizations such as the Back-Forward Cache. It is recommended that 'pagehide' or 'visibilitychange' events are used instead.

Budgets

Performance budget
It is advised to keep the quantity and size of all network requests under the targets set by the provided performance budget.
Timing budget
It is advised to set a timing budget to monitor the performance of your site.

Audits

Network Requests
Below is a list of network requests that were made during page load.
URL Protocol Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms) Transfer Size (Bytes) Resource Size (Bytes) Status Code MIME Type Resource Type
http://gmail.com/
http/1.1
0
12.927999981912
397
0
301
text/html
https://www.google.com/gmail/
http/1.1
13.28199999989
24.150999990525
416
0
302
text/html
https://mail.google.com/mail/
http/1.1
24.384999996983
48.17599998205
552
0
302
text/html
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/
http/1.1
48.479999997653
168.40999998385
903
0
302
text/html
https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?service=mail&passive=1209600&osid=1&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&followup=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&emr=1
http/1.1
168.98299998138
220.69799999008
1577
0
302
text/html
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h2
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90544
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200
text/html
Document
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323.99299999815
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h2
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https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ZwDk9d,RMhBfe
h2
555.92600000091
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3236
200
text/javascript
Script
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=bm51tf
h2
581.12799999071
588.26399999089
1647
1308
200
text/javascript
Script
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=w9hDv,VwDzFe,A7fCU
h2
596.36899997713
603.50399999879
1664
1588
200
text/javascript
Script
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,A7fCU,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,VwDzFe,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,w9hDv,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=sOXFj,q0xTif,ZZ4WUe
h2
600.05099998671
606.7809999804
2454
3316
200
text/javascript
Script
https://play.google.com/log?format=json&hasfast=true
h2
627.68700000015
642.37200000207
1005
131
200
text/plain
XHR
https://accounts.youtube.com/accounts/CheckConnection?pmpo=https%3A%2F%2Faccounts.google.com&v=1171806561&timestamp=1675455761203
h2
711.93199997651
742.5879999937
12835
29705
200
text/html
Document
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/_/AccountsSignInUi/data/batchexecute?rpcids=UEkKwb&source-path=%2Fv3%2Fsignin%2Fidentifier&f.sid=4097289684540013693&bl=boq_identityfrontendauthuiserver_20230129.08_p0&hl=en-US&_reqid=44562&rt=c
h2
730.49299998092
763.83999999962
1466
142
200
application/json
XHR
https://accounts.google.com/_/bscframe
h2
738.53099998087
759.98599999002
1101
15
200
text/html
Document
https://play.google.com/log?format=json&hasfast=true
h2
742.08099997486
759.14099998772
603
131
200
text/plain
XHR
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,A7fCU,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,RMhBfe,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,VwDzFe,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZZ4WUe,ZfAoz,ZwDk9d,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,bm51tf,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,q0xTif,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,sOXFj,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,w9hDv,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=wg1P6b
h2
801.26799998106
809.09499997506
3596
7465
200
text/javascript
Script
Network Round Trip Times — 0 ms
High Network RTT (Round Trip Times) can have a large impact on performance. Providing servers geographically closer to the user could improve performance.
Server Backend Latencies — 0 ms
High server latencies indicate the server is overloaded or has a poor backend performance.
Tasks
Below is a list of the top-level main thread tasks that executed during page load.
Start Time (Ms) End Time (Ms)
310.031
17.87
328.219
21.481
349.71
30.681
387.651
10.578
402.817
8.247
412.814
29.678
442.604
5.534
449.847
18.274
520.441
97.448
618.859
13.367
632.241
63.777
703.039
33.117
743.326
5.948
752.37
6.867
759.618
17.746
777.44
6.903
785.285
6.097
791.396
13.413
816.934
204.987
1028.074
7.218
1204.906
11.623
2004.896
24.162
Diagnostics
Below is a collection of useful page vitals.
View Data
Metrics
Below is a collection of metrics.
View Data
Script Treemap Data
Provide as required, for treemap app.

Metrics

Speed Index — 4.7 s
The time taken for the page contents to be visibly populated.

Other

Reduce unused JavaScript — Potential savings of 122 KiB
It is advised to remove unused JavaScript in order to reduce bytes consumed by network activity.
URL Transfer Size (Bytes) Potential Savings (Bytes)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
202362
124616
Reduce JavaScript execution time — 2.3 s
JavaScript (JS) execution time can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
URL Total CPU Time (Ms) Script Evaluation (Ms) Script Parse (Ms)
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/dg=0/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlEbxXauFmfd5ajQD2i-9xsjAX3NjQ/m=_b,_tp,_r
1480.864
1322.952
19.68
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
509.58
48.964
31.82
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=_b,_r,_tp/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=n73qwf,zwU6q,IZT63,vfuNJf,UUJqVe,ws9Tlc,siKnQd,XVq9Qb,rXHJjc,njlZCf,byfTOb,lsjVmc,xUdipf,OTA3Ae,COQbmf,fKUV3e,aurFic,U0aPgd,kKw6r,ANCJdb,V3dDOb,G0cNrd,IAEjzb,mWLH9d,NAySvc,O6y8ed,t2srLd,XP0Iwc,PrPYRd,MpJwZc,qPfo0c,LEikZe,NwH0H,OmgaI,hc6Ubd,pxq3x,AkfuYc,KUM7Z,Qhoasd,L1AAkb,PaKzg,XVMNvd,Mlhmy,lwddkf,gychg,EEDORb,SpsfSb,aW3pY,JR5bgb,kmSu5b,EFQ78c,ZfAoz,xQtZb,I6YDgd,N5Lqpc,fgj8Rb,kWgXee,PkV8id,VFoZaf,ovKuLd,zbML3c,yDVVkb,zr1jrb,AD1APd,vHEMJe,YTxL4,i1Z3Ub,MbBXlb,el0Mne,UmWJEc,KG2eXe,Uas9Hd,zy0vNb,b21kgd,zYlmub,K0PMbc,Y9IaVe,AvtSve,Gxw5Df,qmdT9,eB7Kg,vDwyod,lmaXKd,SbZIp,GGodmf,NMEa1e,IgLVKb,ukxuyd,iJMRdc,eVCnO,gWq1ge,A2sInc,XExvDf,wzQaQb,SUKkyc,b3kMqb
404.528
358.928
34.828
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ltDFwf,Rusgnf,Ctsu,UPKV3d,wGM7Jc,IZ1fbc,i5dxUd,m9oV,QCqtlc,NTMZac,bTi8wc,i5H9N,SzsEAf,RAnnUd,PHUIyb,bPkrc,uu7UOe,yRXbo,soHxf,qNG0Fc,ywOR5c,W2YXuc
255.108
208.352
9.708
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,Ctsu,EEDORb,EFQ78c,FCpbqb,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZ1fbc,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NTMZac,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PHUIyb,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,QCqtlc,Qhoasd,RAnnUd,Rusgnf,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,SzsEAf,U0aPgd,UPKV3d,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,W2YXuc,WhJNk,Wt6vjf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,bPkrc,bTi8wc,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,hhhU8,i1Z3Ub,i5H9N,i5dxUd,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,ltDFwf,lwddkf,m9oV,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qNG0Fc,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,soHxf,t2srLd,ukxuyd,uu7UOe,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,wGM7Jc,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,yRXbo,ywOR5c,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=ZwDk9d,RMhBfe
139.32
119.276
6.124
Unattributable
137.72
5.776
0
https://accounts.youtube.com/accounts/CheckConnection?pmpo=https%3A%2F%2Faccounts.google.com&v=1171806561&timestamp=1675455761203
59.928
17.668
14.784
https://www.gstatic.com/_/mss/boq-identity/_/js/k=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.en_US.OlasZHXxzyI.es5.O/ck=boq-identity.AccountsSignInUi.GYXWtInG4mQ.L.B1.O/am=GI4Ag4A4ByZDAAAAAAAABAAACxxA/d=1/exm=A2sInc,AD1APd,ANCJdb,AkfuYc,AvtSve,COQbmf,EEDORb,EFQ78c,G0cNrd,GGodmf,Gxw5Df,I6YDgd,IAEjzb,IZT63,IgLVKb,JR5bgb,K0PMbc,KG2eXe,KUM7Z,L1AAkb,LEikZe,MbBXlb,Mlhmy,MpJwZc,N5Lqpc,NAySvc,NMEa1e,NwH0H,O6y8ed,OTA3Ae,OmgaI,PaKzg,PkV8id,PrPYRd,Qhoasd,SUKkyc,SbZIp,SpsfSb,U0aPgd,UUJqVe,Uas9Hd,UmWJEc,V3dDOb,VFoZaf,XExvDf,XP0Iwc,XVMNvd,XVq9Qb,Y9IaVe,YTxL4,ZfAoz,_b,_r,_tp,aW3pY,aurFic,b21kgd,b3kMqb,byfTOb,eB7Kg,eVCnO,el0Mne,fKUV3e,fgj8Rb,gWq1ge,gychg,hc6Ubd,i1Z3Ub,iJMRdc,kKw6r,kWgXee,kmSu5b,lmaXKd,lsjVmc,lwddkf,mWLH9d,n73qwf,njlZCf,ovKuLd,pxq3x,qPfo0c,qmdT9,rXHJjc,siKnQd,t2srLd,ukxuyd,vDwyod,vHEMJe,vfuNJf,ws9Tlc,wzQaQb,xQtZb,xUdipf,yDVVkb,zYlmub,zbML3c,zr1jrb,zwU6q,zy0vNb/excm=_b,_r,_tp,identifierview/ed=1/wt=2/rs=AOaEmlFFv9IcHu1VThkfEwjGt_7_Dp0EpA/ee=cEt90b:ws9Tlc;QGR0gd:Mlhmy;uY49fb:COQbmf;Xv6lvf:kKw6r;v1oUsd:zbJ6Kd;yxTchf:KUM7Z;qddgKe:xQtZb;wR5FRb:siKnQd;iFQyKf:vfuNJf;dIoSBb:SpsfSb;EmZ2Bf:zr1jrb;nTuGK:JKNPM;JsbNhc:Xd8iUd;nAFL3:NTMZac;oGtAuc:sOXFj;eBAeSb:zbML3c;NPKaK:PVlQOd;LBgRLc:XVMNvd;NSEoX:lazG7b;Pjplud:EEDORb;io8t5d:yDVVkb;Oj465e:KG2eXe;Erl4fe:FloWmf;ul9GGd:VDovNc;sP4Vbe:VwDzFe;kMFpHd:OTA3Ae;oSUNyd:K0PMbc;SMDL4c:K0PMbc;vNjB7d:YTxL4;IxdHEc:JR5bgb;QJMNBe:iJMRdc;pXdRYb:XP0Iwc;SNUn3:ZwDk9d/m=Wt6vjf,hhhU8,FCpbqb,WhJNk
53.468
51.268
0.796
Minimize main-thread work — 3.1 s
Main-thread work timing can be lowered by reducing the time required for parsing, compiling and executing JS. Delivering smaller JS payloads may help with this.
Category Time Spent (Ms)
Script Evaluation
2188.576
Other
406.416
Style & Layout
175.472
Script Parsing & Compilation
124.24
Parse HTML & CSS
99.328
Rendering
64.952
Garbage Collection
64.948

Metrics

First Contentful Paint — 4.7 s
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered.
Time to Interactive — 8.2 s
The time taken for the page to become fully interactive.
Total Blocking Time — 1,070 ms
The total blocking time is the sum of all time periods between First Contentful Paint and Time to Interactive (when task length exceeded 50ms).
Largest Contentful Paint — 5.4 s
The timing of the largest text or image that is painted.

Audits

Max Potential First Input Delay — 410 ms
Users could experience a delay when interacting with the page.
First Meaningful Paint — 4.7 s
The time taken for the primary content of the page to be rendered.

Other

Avoid multiple page redirects — Potential savings of 3,150 ms
Redirects can cause additional delays before the page can begin loading. Gmail.com should avoid multiple or unnecessary page redirects.
URL Time Spent (Ms)
http://gmail.com/
630
https://www.google.com/gmail/
780
https://mail.google.com/mail/
780
https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/
180
https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?service=mail&passive=1209600&osid=1&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&followup=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&emr=1
780
https://accounts.google.com/v3/signin/identifier?dsh=S-1006279292%3A1675455760696621&continue=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&emr=1&followup=https%3A%2F%2Fmail.google.com%2Fmail%2Fu%2F0%2F&osid=1&passive=1209600&service=mail&flowName=GlifWebSignIn&flowEntry=ServiceLogin&ifkv=AWnogHc7FbKME-THAd1DcT8xIW4IQL6AhjuTWm34I60kD7N1yb8NJfUx6UG8VwAri6u3kencmYeiZA
0
Ensure text remains visible during webfont load
Make use of the font-display CSS feature, which will ensure text is user-visible while webfonts are loading.
URL Potential Savings (Ms)
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UaGrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlL3Owp5eKQtG.woff2
7.2550000040792
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOmCnqEu92Fr1Mu4mxKKTU1Kg.woff2
6.6700000024866
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/roboto/v18/KFOlCnqEu92Fr1MmEU9fBBc4AMP6lQ.woff2
6.0669999802485
https://fonts.gstatic.com/s/googlesans/v14/4UabrENHsxJlGDuGo1OIlLU94YtzCwZsPF4o.woff2
6.8709999904968
Reduce the impact of third-party code — Third-party code blocked the main thread for 1,210 ms
It is advised to either limit, remove or delay the loading of redundant third-party code which may be significantly impacting load performance.
Third-Party Transfer Size (Bytes) Main-Thread Blocking Time (Ms)
SHOW DETAILS
319454
1210.74
SHOW DETAILS
54068
0
SHOW DETAILS
12835
0
First Contentful Paint (3G) — 9210 ms
The time taken for the first image or text on the page to be rendered while on a 3G network.
98

Accessibility

Indicates how accessible the page is and highlights opportunities where the page can be made more accessible to users of gmail.com. This includes details about various page attributes that can be optimized.

Navigation

`[accesskey]` values are unique
Access keys assist users with focusing on different parts of the page. Each access key should be unique for proper navigation.
The page contains a heading, skip link, or landmark region
It is advised to provide ways to bypass repetitive content, allowing users to navigate the page efficiently.
`[id]` attributes on active, focusable elements are unique
Ensure all focusable elements have a unique id value to allow them to be visible to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Heading elements appear in a sequentially-descending order
Properly order all headers and do not skip heading levels to better the navigation and readability for users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
No element has a `[tabindex]` value greater than 0
Although technically valid, a tabindex value greater than 0 often creates frustrating experiences for users who rely on assistive technologies.

ARIA

`[aria-*]` attributes match their roles
Avoid mismatching 'aria-*' attributes and their 'role' value, as it invalidates the attribute.
`button`, `link`, and `menuitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` is not present on the document `<body>`
If aria-hidden=true is set on the document body, assistive technologies, like a screen reader will work inconsistently.
`[aria-hidden="true"]` elements do not contain focusable descendents
Interactive elements within an aria-hidden=true element are unavailable to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
ARIA input fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when an input field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `meter` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `progressbar` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[role]`s have all required `[aria-*]` attributes
Some ARIA roles have required 'aria-*' attributes, which provide essential information about state and functionality.
Elements with an ARIA `[role]` that require children to contain a specific `[role]` have all required children.
Some ARIA parent roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific child roles are not used.
`[role]`s are contained by their required parent element
Some ARIA child roles cannot perform their intended functions if specific parent roles are not used.
`[role]` values are valid
All ARIA roles require valid values to perform their intended functions.
ARIA toggle fields have accessible names
Generic names are announced to users of assistive technologies, like a screen reader, when a toggle field does not have an accessible name specified.
ARIA `tooltip` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
ARIA `treeitem` elements have accessible names
Without accessible names on elements, screen readers will default to announcing a generic name, which means your content will be less accessible to users who rely on screen readers.
`[aria-*]` attributes have valid values
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid values when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
`[aria-*]` attributes are valid and not misspelled
ARIA attributes cannot be interpreted with invalid names when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
ARIA IDs are unique
Ensure all ARIA ID values are unique to prevent elements from being overlooked by assistive technologies, like a screen reader.

Names and labels

Buttons have an accessible name
Buttons become unusable as they are announced simply as "button" when the button does not have an accessible name, when used by screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
No form fields have multiple labels
Having multiple labels for form fields can be confusing to assistive technologies, like a screen reader.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
`<input type="image">` elements have `[alt]` text
Input buttons with alternative text assist screen readers and other assistive technology users to understand its purpose.
Form elements have associated labels
Screen readers and other assistive technologies rely on labels to properly announce form controls.
Links have a discernible name
In order to improve the navigation for screen reader and other assistive technology users, use link text that is unique, focusable and discernible.
`<object>` elements have alternate text
It is advised that alt text is used on '<object>' elements in order to provide meaning to screen reader and other assistive technology users, as these technologies are unable to translate non-text content.

Contrast

Background and foreground colors have a sufficient contrast ratio
Many (if not most) users find low-contrast text difficult or impossible to read.

Tables and lists

`<dl>`'s contain only properly-ordered `<dt>` and `<dd>` groups, `<script>`, `<template>` or `<div>` elements.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies may produce poor and inaccurate output when definition lists are not properly marked up.
Definition list items are wrapped in `<dl>` elements
In order for screen readers and other assistive technologies to properly announce definition list items ('<dt>' and '<dd>'), they must be wrapped in parent a '<dl>' element.
Lists contain only `<li>` elements and script supporting elements (`<script>` and `<template>`).
Use proper list structure to aid screen readers and other assistive technologies.
List items (`<li>`) are contained within `<ul>` or `<ol>` parent elements
In order for screen readers to announce list items, ensure that list items ('<li>') are contained within parent '<ul>' or '<ol>' tags.
Cells in a `<table>` element that use the `[headers]` attribute refer to table cells within the same table.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that '<td>' cells using the headers attribute only refer to other cells in the same table, to improve screen reader user experience.
`<th>` elements and elements with `[role="columnheader"/"rowheader"]` have data cells they describe.
Screen readers and other assistive technologies have features to make navigating tables easier. Ensure that table headers refer to some set of cells, to improve screen reader user experience.

Internationalization and localization

`<html>` element has a `[lang]` attribute
It is advised to provide a lang attribute so that screen readers and other assistive technologies are guaranteed to announce the page's text correctly. When not provided, the user's default language setting will be used which may cause inaccuracies.
`<html>` element has a valid value for its `[lang]` attribute
Specify a valid BCP 47 language in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.
`[lang]` attributes have a valid value
Specify a valid BCP 47 language on elements in order to help screen readers and other assistive technologies announce text properly.

Best practices

The document does not use `<meta http-equiv="refresh">`
Pages that refresh automatically cause a poor user experience as focus is directed back to the top of the page unexpectedly.
`[user-scalable="no"]` is not used in the `<meta name="viewport">` element and the `[maximum-scale]` attribute is not less than 5.
For users with low vision who rely on screen magnification, ensure that zooming is not disabled.

Audio and video

`<video>` elements contain a `<track>` element with `[kind="captions"]`
Gmail.com may provide assistance to deaf or hearing-impaired users with captions on videos.

Names and labels

`<frame>` or `<iframe>` elements do not have a title
Screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on frame titles to describe the contents of frames.
Failing Elements
body.Z3Coxe > iframe

Manual Checks

The page has a logical tab order
The visual layout should be logical in its tab order and users cannot focus elements that are offscreen.
Interactive controls are keyboard focusable
Ensure that custom interactive controls are keyboard focusable and that a focus indicator is displayed.
Interactive elements indicate their purpose and state
Ensure that interactive elements (such as links and buttons) are distinguishable from non-interactive elements and that they indicate their state.
The user's focus is directed to new content added to the page
When new content (such as a dialogue) is added to the page, the user's focus should be directed to it.
User focus is not accidentally trapped in a region
Avoid focus being accidentally trapped when a user tabs in and out of controls or regions on page.
Custom controls have associated labels
Ensure that custom interactive controls have associated labels, which are provided by aria-label and aria-labelledby attributes.
Custom controls have ARIA roles
Ensure that all custom interactive controls have appropriate ARIA roles.
Visual order on the page follows DOM order
Ensure that the DOM order matches with the page's visual order, in order to improve navigation for screen readers and other assistive technologies.
Offscreen content is hidden from assistive technology
Ensure that offscreen content is hidden through the use of "display:none" styling or the aria-hidden attribute.
HTML5 landmark elements are used to improve navigation
Elements such as <main> and <nav> are recommended as they are used by screen readers and other assistive technologies to improve keyboard navigation.
83

Best Practices

Indicates the recommended, best practices currently in place on the page and highlights the best practices that gmail.com should incorporate. This includes practices such as protecting pages with HTTPS.

Audits

Avoids requesting the geolocation permission on page load
When requesting a user's location, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids requesting the notification permission on page load
When requesting permission to send notifications, provide context or consider tying the request to a user action to avoid confusion and mistrust from users.
Avoids front-end JavaScript libraries with known security vulnerabilities
Ensure that the use of third-party scripts is minimal and that only trusted third-party scripts are used as some may contain known security vulnerabilities which may be exploited by attackers.
Ensure CSP is effective against XSS attacks
Significantly reduce the risk of cross-site scripting attacks (XSS) by ensuring you have a strong Content Security Policy (CSP).

Audits

Allows users to paste into password fields
Ensure that password inputs may be pasted into to aid in the user's ability to use password managers and improve security.
Displays images with correct aspect ratio
Ensure that image display dimensions match their natural aspect ratio.
Serves images with appropriate resolution
For maximum image clarity, ensure images have natural dimensions and are proportional to the display size and pixel ratio.
Fonts with `font-display: optional` are preloaded
It is recommended that optional fonts are preloaded.

Audits

Page has the HTML doctype
Ensure a doctype is specified to prevent the browser from switching to quirks-mode.
Properly defines charset
It is advised to declare a character encoding, optionally via a <meta> tag in the first 1024 bytes of the HTML or in the Content-Type HTTP response header.

Audits

Detected JavaScript libraries
Below is a list of all front-end JavaScript libraries that were detected on the page.
Name Version
Boq
Wiz
Avoids deprecated APIs
Avoid deprecated APIs which will eventually be removed the browser.
No browser errors logged to the console
Below is a list of all errors logged to the console, which indicate unresolved problems on the site.
Page has valid source maps
Consider deploying source maps for added benefits such as the ability to debug while in production.

Audits

Does not use HTTPS — 1 insecure request found
Ensure that all pages are protected with HTTPS (including those that do not handle sensitive data) as HTTPS prevents tampering and passive listening on communications between the app and its users. Additionally, HTTPS is a prerequisite for HTTP/2 and many new web platform APIs.
Insecure URL Request Resolution
http://gmail.com/
Allowed

Audits

Issues were logged in the `Issues` panel in Chrome Devtools
There may be unresolved issues logged to Chrome Devtools.
Issue type
Cookie
92

SEO

Indicates how well the page is optimized for ranking in search engines and highlights Search Engine Optimization (SEO) opportunities for gmail.com. This includes optimizations such as providing meta data.

Mobile Friendly

Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.
Document uses legible font sizes — 100% legible text
Font sizes of 12px or less are too small to most mobile users without user gestures and further action. Aim for more than 60% of page text to use font sizes greater than 12px.
Source Selector % of Page Text Font Size
SHOW DETAILS
100.00%
≥ 12px
Tap targets are sized appropriately — 100% appropriately sized tap targets
Interactive elements (such as buttons and links) should be appropriately spaced, sized and easy enough to select or tap with regard to their surrounding elements.

Content Best Practices

Document has a `<title>` element
Search engines, screen reader users and other assistive technology users rely on the title to provide an overview of the page and to help determine if the page is relevant to their search.
Document has a meta description
Meta descriptions may be used by search engines when displaying a link to the page and should concisely summarize the page's content.
Image elements have `[alt]` attributes
Provide short and descriptive alternative text where possible on informative elements.
Document has a valid `hreflang`
Search engines can be instructed to list specific versions of a page for a given language or region through the use of hreflang links.
Document has a valid `rel=canonical`
Search engines can be suggested which URL should be shown in search results through the use of canonical links.
Document avoids plugins
The content of plugins cannot be indexed by search engines and many devices either restrict or do not support them.

Crawling and Indexing

Page has successful HTTP status code
Avoid pages with unsuccessful HTTP status codes as they may not be indexed by search engines.
Links are crawlable
Ensure that the 'href' attribute of anchor elements links to the appropriate destination. This allows for more pages of the site to be discovered by search engines.
Page isn’t blocked from indexing
Pages that cannot be crawled by search engines cannot be indexed or included in their search results. Ensure that search engines have permission to crawl all pages that should be indexed.
robots.txt is valid
Malformed robots.txt files prevent crawlers from understanding how a site wants to be crawled or indexed, which can be devastating to SEO.

Content Best Practices

Links do not have descriptive text — 1 link found
Make use of descriptive link text to assist search engines in understanding the content.

Manual Checks

Structured data is valid
Structured data can be validated through the use of the Structured Data Testing Tool and the Structured Data Linter.
30

PWA

Indicates how valid the aspects of a Progressive Web App (PWA) are for the page and highlights opportunities to enable/improve the PWA of gmail.com. This includes details about web app manifests.

PWA Optimized

Content is sized correctly for the viewport
Ensure that the width of the app's content matches the width of the viewport, otherwise the app might not be optimized for mobile screens.
Has a `<meta name="viewport">` tag with `width` or `initial-scale`
It is advised to use a '<meta name="viewport">' tag for the optimization of gmail.com on mobile screens.

Installable

Web app manifest or service worker do not meet the installability requirements — 1 reason
User engagement may be increased by leveraging the browsers ability to proactively prompt users to add the app to their homescreen.
Failure reason
No manifest was fetched

PWA Optimized

Does not register a service worker that controls page and `start_url`
A service worker is used to provide Progressive Web Apps the use of features such as working offline, the ability for the app to be added to the homescreen as well as push notifications.
Is not configured for a custom splash screen
Themed splash screens ensure a high-quality user experience at launch for app users.
View Data
Does not set a theme color for the address bar.
A theme may be applied to the browser address bar, which ideally can be made to match the site.
View Data
Does not provide a valid `apple-touch-icon`
iOS users of Progressive Web Apps will benefit from an apple touch icon, which can be defined with 'apple-touch-icon', which must point to a non-transparent 192px (or 180px) square PNG.
Manifest doesn't have a maskable icon
Maskable icons are great to ensure that images fill the entire shape when installing the app on a device.

Manual Checks

Site works cross-browser
Ensure that the Progressive Web App works correctly across every major browser.
Page transitions don't feel like they block on the network
Users perceive apps with responsive, snappy transitions as higher peforming and ensures a great user experience, even on a slow network.
Each page has a URL
Ensure that all pages are deep linkable via URL. They should also be unique for the purpose of shareability on social media.
Hosting

Server Location

Server IP Address: 172.253.62.18
Continent: North America
Country: United States
United States Flag
Region:
City:
Longitude: -97.822
Latitude: 37.751
Currencies: USD
USN
USS
Languages: English

Web Hosting Provider

Name IP Address
Google LLC
Registration

Domain Registrant

Private Registration: No
Name:
Organization: Google LLC
Country: US
City:
State: CA
Post Code:
Email:
Phone:
Note: Registration information is derived from various sources and may be inaccurate.

Domain Registrar

Name IP Address
MarkMonitor, Inc. 104.18.39.152
Security

Visitor Safety

Mature Content: Not Likely
McAfee WebAdvisor Rating: Unknown
WOT Rating:
WOT Trustworthiness: 93/100
WOT Child Safety: 92/100
Note: Safety information is not guaranteed.

SSL/TLS Certificate

Issued To: mail.google.com
Issued By: GTS CA 1C3
Valid From: 18th March, 2024
Valid To: 10th June, 2024
Subject: CN = mail.google.com
Hash: b6d9b6f8
Issuer: CN = GTS CA 1C3
O = Google Trust Services LLC
S = US
Version: 2
Serial Number: 118313152808635447366299012668001283683
Serial Number (Hex): 590248CD2FCF093A094DE52398E6EE63
Valid From: 18th March, 2024
Valid To: 10th June, 2024
Signature Algorithm (Short Name): RSA-SHA256
Signature Algorithm (Long Name): sha256WithRSAEncryption
Authority Key Identifier: keyid:8A:74:7F:AF:85:CD:EE:95:CD:3D:9C:D0:E2:46:14:F3:71:35:1D:27
Extended Key Usage: TLS Web Server Authentication
CRL Distribution Points:
Full Name:
URI:http://crls.pki.goog/gts1c3/QqFxbi9M48c.crl
Certificate Policies: Policy: 2.23.140.1.2.1
Policy: 1.3.6.1.4.1.11129.2.5.3
Authority Information Access: OCSP - URI:http://ocsp.pki.goog/gts1c3
CA Issuers - URI:http://pki.goog/repo/certs/gts1c3.der
SCT List: Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : 48:B0:E3:6B:DA:A6:47:34:0F:E5:6A:02:FA:9D:30:EB:
1C:52:01:CB:56:DD:2C:81:D9:BB:BF:AB:39:D8:84:73
Timestamp : Mar 18 21:38:51.361 2024 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:45:02:20:60:ED:82:B5:10:67:99:18:A4:FA:4E:95:
25:C9:62:FA:9E:44:BF:18:60:8B:7E:A2:41:5C:81:43:
54:AF:C6:B6:02:21:00:BE:7F:94:EE:46:6F:52:AE:C2:
81:84:92:E0:78:3F:4F:D9:3A:7F:55:5D:98:08:B1:9B:
00:A0:EC:D5:C9:10:0B
Signed Certificate Timestamp:
Version : v1 (0x0)
Log ID : EE:CD:D0:64:D5:DB:1A:CE:C5:5C:B7:9D:B4:CD:13:A2:
32:87:46:7C:BC:EC:DE:C3:51:48:59:46:71:1F:B5:9B
Timestamp : Mar 18 21:38:51.325 2024 GMT
Extensions: none
Signature : ecdsa-with-SHA256
30:46:02:21:00:8C:59:63:3E:50:7C:69:16:B7:0A:A1:
85:90:0C:8E:BC:99:22:23:46:C1:DF:F4:05:2D:CC:75:
1B:D6:8D:C0:BA:02:21:00:CC:20:E6:D9:E8:88:93:6D:
EA:1A:31:1C:1D:49:CF:02:68:CC:20:CB:12:5A:C6:2B:
B7:F7:D8:8E:05:94:8F:04
Key Usage: Digital Signature
Basic Constraints: CA:FALSE
Subject Alternative Name: DNS:inbox.google.com
DNS:mail.google.com
Technical

DNS Lookup

A Records

Host IP Address Class TTL
gmail.com. 172.253.63.19 IN 283
gmail.com. 172.253.63.18 IN 283
gmail.com. 172.253.63.17 IN 283
gmail.com. 172.253.63.83 IN 283

NS Records

Host Nameserver Class TTL
gmail.com. ns3.google.com. IN 21583
gmail.com. ns4.google.com. IN 21583
gmail.com. ns1.google.com. IN 21583
gmail.com. ns2.google.com. IN 21583

AAAA Records

IP Address Class TTL
2607:f8b0:4004:c08::11 IN 283
2607:f8b0:4004:c08::13 IN 283
2607:f8b0:4004:c08::53 IN 283
2607:f8b0:4004:c08::12 IN 283

CAA Records

Domain Flags Tag Class TTL
pki.goog 0 issue IN 21583

MX Records

Priority Host Server Class TTL
5 gmail.com. gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. IN 3583
30 gmail.com. alt3.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. IN 3583
40 gmail.com. alt4.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. IN 3583
20 gmail.com. alt2.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. IN 3583
10 gmail.com. alt1.gmail-smtp-in.l.google.com. IN 3583

SOA Records

Domain Name Primary NS Responsible Email TTL
gmail.com. ns1.google.com. dns-admin.google.com. 43

TXT Records

Host Value Class TTL
gmail.com. globalsign-smime-dv=CDYX+XFHUw2wml6/Gb8+59BsH31KzUr6c1l2BPvqKX8= IN 283
gmail.com. v=spf1 IN 283

HTTP Response Headers

HTTP-Code: HTTP/2 302
content-type: application/binary
date: 24th April, 2024
server: ESF
vary: Sec-Fetch-Dest, Sec-Fetch-Mode, Sec-Fetch-Site
location: https://accounts.google.com/ServiceLogin?service=mail&passive=1209600&osid=1&continue=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&followup=https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/&emr=1
content-length: 0
strict-transport-security: max-age=10886400; includeSubDomains
permissions-policy: ch-ua-arch=*, ch-ua-bitness=*, ch-ua-full-version=*, ch-ua-full-version-list=*, ch-ua-model=*, ch-ua-wow64=*, ch-ua-form-factor=*, ch-ua-platform=*, ch-ua-platform-version=*
x-xss-protection: 0
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
x-content-type-options: nosniff
alt-svc: clear

Whois Lookup

Created: 13th August, 1995
Changed: 11th July, 2023
Expires: 12th August, 2024
Registrar: MarkMonitor, Inc.
Status: clientUpdateProhibited
clientTransferProhibited
clientDeleteProhibited
serverUpdateProhibited
serverTransferProhibited
serverDeleteProhibited
Nameservers: ns1.google.com
ns2.google.com
ns3.google.com
ns4.google.com
Owner Organization: Google LLC
Owner State: CA
Owner Country: US
Owner Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Admin Organization: Google LLC
Admin State: CA
Admin Country: US
Admin Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Tech Organization: Google LLC
Tech State: CA
Tech Country: US
Tech Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Full Whois: Domain Name: gmail.com
Registry Domain ID: 4667231_DOMAIN_COM-VRSN
Registrar WHOIS Server: whois.markmonitor.com
Registrar URL: http://www.markmonitor.com
Updated Date: 2023-07-11T10:10:13+0000
Creation Date: 1995-08-13T07:00:00+0000
Registrar Registration Expiration Date: 2024-08-12T00:00:00+0000
Registrar: MarkMonitor, Inc.
Registrar IANA ID: 292
Registrar Abuse Contact Email: abusecomplaints@markmonitor.com
Registrar Abuse Contact Phone: +1.2086851750
Domain Status: clientUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientUpdateProhibited)
Domain Status: clientTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientTransferProhibited)
Domain Status: clientDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#clientDeleteProhibited)
Domain Status: serverUpdateProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverUpdateProhibited)
Domain Status: serverTransferProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverTransferProhibited)
Domain Status: serverDeleteProhibited (https://www.icann.org/epp#serverDeleteProhibited)
Registrant Organization: Google LLC
Registrant State/Province: CA
Registrant Country: US
Registrant Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Admin Organization: Google LLC
Admin State/Province: CA
Admin Country: US
Admin Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Tech Organization: Google LLC
Tech State/Province: CA
Tech Country: US
Tech Email: Select Request Email Form at https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois/gmail.com
Name Server: ns4.google.com
Name Server: ns1.google.com
Name Server: ns3.google.com
Name Server: ns2.google.com
DNSSEC: unsigned
URL of the ICANN WHOIS Data Problem Reporting System: http://wdprs.internic.net/
>>> Last update of WHOIS database: 2024-04-24T15:42:45+0000 <<<

For more information on WHOIS status codes, please visit:
https://www.icann.org/resources/pages/epp-status-codes

If you wish to contact this domain’s Registrant, Administrative, or Technical
contact, and such email address is not visible above, you may do so via our web
form, pursuant to ICANN’s Temporary Specification. To verify that you are not a
robot, please enter your email address to receive a link to a page that
facilitates email communication with the relevant contact(s).

Web-based WHOIS:
https://domains.markmonitor.com/whois

If you have a legitimate interest in viewing the non-public WHOIS details, send
your request and the reasons for your request to whoisrequest@markmonitor.com
and specify the domain name in the subject line. We will review that request and
may ask for supporting documentation and explanation.

The data in MarkMonitor’s WHOIS database is provided for information purposes,
and to assist persons in obtaining information about or related to a domain
name’s registration record. While MarkMonitor believes the data to be accurate,
the data is provided "as is" with no guarantee or warranties regarding its
accuracy.

By submitting a WHOIS query, you agree that you will use this data only for
lawful purposes and that, under no circumstances will you use this data to:
(1) allow, enable, or otherwise support the transmission by email, telephone,
or facsimile of mass, unsolicited, commercial advertising, or spam; or
(2) enable high volume, automated, or electronic processes that send queries,
data, or email to MarkMonitor (or its systems) or the domain name contacts (or
its systems).

MarkMonitor reserves the right to modify these terms at any time.

By submitting this query, you agree to abide by this policy.

MarkMonitor Domain Management(TM)
Protecting companies and consumers in a digital world.

Visit MarkMonitor at https://www.markmonitor.com
Contact us at +1.8007459229
In Europe, at +44.02032062220
--
View Raw Whois

Nameservers

Name IP Address
ns1.google.com 216.239.32.10
ns2.google.com 216.239.34.10
ns3.google.com 216.239.36.10
ns4.google.com 216.239.38.10
Related

Subdomains

Domain Subdomain
08.gmail.com
08
admin.gmail.com
admin
alex.gmail.com
alex
apitmpsp.gmail.com
apitmpsp
aus.gmail.com
aus
All gmail.com subdomains

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